Joseph Ingerson-Mahar, Vegetable IPM Coordinator
Kristian Holmstrom, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
Sally Walker, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
George Hamilton, IPM Coordinator
Rutgers Cooperative Extension
MAJOR PESTS
|
Insects |
Diseases |
Weeds |
| Colorado potato beetle | Early blight | broadleaves |
| Tomato hornworm | Late blight | annual grasses |
| Stinkbugs | Bacterial speck | perennial weeds |
| Flea beetles | Bacterial spot | |
| aphids | Bacterial canker | |
| Spider mites | Septoria leaf spot | |
| Tomato fruit worm | Plant parasitic nematodes | |
| Leafminers | Phytophthora blight |
The following practices are general guidelines that many, if not, most farmers in New Jersey already practice. It is felt that all farmers should be able to adopt these guidelines on 100% of their acreage within a 3-year period. It is recognized that adoption of specific practices may not always be possible depending upon the unique circumstances of the individual farmer. However, farmers should strive to adopt the highly recommended practices in order to be considered an IPM farmer.
| A. SITE PREPARATION AND SELECTION |
Priority |
| Ø Sample soil for soil nutrient levels and assay a portion for plant parasitic nematodes. |
H |
| Ø Plant on raised beds in well-drained soil. Prepare site to prevent areas of standing water. |
H |
| Ø Review weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies |
H |
| Ø Practice 3 year rotation away from solanaceous crops. |
H |
| Ø Soil test at least once every 3 years. Maintain records. Fertilize and lime according to test results. |
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| B. PLANTING (Seeds, Seedlings, and Transplants) | |
| Ø Chlorine treat seed to reduce bacterial infections , OR, use chlorine-treated seed. |
H |
| Ø Do not produce transplants in the greenhouse with ornamental bedding plants, particularly Impatiens, to avoid tomato spotted wilt virus. |
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| Ø Out-of-state transplants are required to be inspected by state-of-origin and brought into New Jersey only if they are certified free of insect and disease pests. |
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| Use disease-resistant varieties where possible. |
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| C. PEST MONITORING AND FORECASTING | |
| Ø Scout weekly for insects and diseases: Flea beetles on seedlings and transplants; Colorado potato beetles, aphids, mites, hornworms on foliage of plants; tomato fruit worm and stinkbugs on fruit; foliar diseases on all stages of plant development |
H |
| Ø Avoid scouting or working in fields when foliage is wet. |
M |
| Ø Make a weed map to evaluate effectiveness of weed control strategies. |
H |
| Ø Use Tomcast for early blight and anthracnose fungicide scheduling, if available, and /or Blitecast for late blight warnings. |
M |
| D. PEST MANAGEMENT | |
| Ø Follow applicable thresholds for pests as available. |
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| Ø Use recommended, labeled pesticides or appropriate, alternate form of pest control. |
H |
| Ø Follow Rutgers Commercial Vegetable recommendations for pests that do not have thresholds |
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| Ø Keep records of pest densities, biological control techniques used, cultural procedures, and pesticide applications. Keep records of pest populations for each field for review in future years. Keep records of natural enemy populations, if possible. |
H |
| Ø Subscribe to or access Plant and Pest Advisory Newsletter – Vegetable Edition via Fax-info line or internet and follow current, seasonal recommendations provided there. |
H |
| Ø Calibrate sprayer annually |
H |
| E. POST HARVEST | |
| Ø After harvesting fields, disk/plow residues to promote breakdown of tissues infected with disease. |
H |
| Ø Make a weed map of the field for use in planning for next year. |
H |
| Ø Establish cover crop for weed control, nitrogen retention for early and mid season fields. |
M |
| Ø If reusing stakes, clorox treat or fumigate stakes for prevention of bacterial infections. |
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