Joseph Ingerson-Mahar, Vegetable IPM Coordinator
Kristian Holmstrom, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
Sally Walker, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
George Hamilton, IPM Coordinator
Rutgers Cooperative Extension
MAJOR PESTS
| Insects | Diseases | Weeds |
|---|---|---|
| carrot weevil | Alternarialeaf blight | broadleaves |
| cutworms | Cercosporaleaf blight | annual grasses |
| leafhoppers | bacterial leaf blight | perennial weeds |
| root knot nematode | dodder | |
| Sclerotiniawhite mold | ||
| seed decay | ||
| Rhizoctonia | ||
| storage rots | ||
| aster yellows |
The following practices are general guidelines that many, if not, most farmers in New Jersey already practice. It is felt that all farmers should be able to adopt these guidelines on 100% of their acreage within a 3-year period. It is recognized that adoption of specific practices may not always be possible depending upon the unique circumstances of the individual farmer. However, farmers should strive to adopt the highly recommended practices in order to be considered an IPM farmer.
| A. SITE PREPARATION AND SELECTION |
Priority H = high M = medium L = low |
|---|---|
| Review weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies. | H |
| Crop rotation. For root knot nematode and crater rot rotate with non-host crops. | H |
| Sample yearly to determine presence of root knot nematode before using the nematicide treatment. If testing is not available then consider field history and presence of RKN before treating **Avoid fields over threshold for nematodes, or apply recommended nematode control measures. | H |
| Soil test at least once every 3 years. Maintain records. Fertilize according to test results | H |
| Take soil sample from field to determine soil texture by mechanical analysis for each soil type within the field. This needs to be done only once for each field to help determine herbicide rates. | H |
| Take soil sample from field to determine percent organic matter to help adjust herbicide rates. This needs to be done whenever cropping practices change. That is, going from fallow to crops, from perennial crops to annual crops. | H |
| B. PLANTING | |
| Use recommended fungicide seed treatment to prevent seed decay | M |
| C. PEST MONITORING AND FORECASTING | |
| Monitor for insects and diseases including leaf blights,Sclerotiniawhite mold, Rhizoctonia, aphids, mites and leafhoppers | H |
| Update weed map of the field when small for use in evaluating the current year’s weed control and for use in determining if a post emergent treatment is needed. | H |
| Employ bait trapping for carrot weevil | M |
| D. PEST MANAGEMENT | |
| Apply pesticides to controlSclerotiniawhite mold, leaf blights, aphids, and leafhoppers when present or justified. | H |
| Dodder management by spot treating with post-emergent herbicides | M |
| Keep records of pest densities, cultural procedures, and pesticide applications for use in the future. | H |
| Subscribe to the Plant and Pest Advisory Newsletter – vegetable edition, or access via the internet or the fax info-line and follow current, seasonal recommendations provided there. | H |
| Follow Rutgers Commercial Vegetable recommendations for pests that do not have thresholds | H |
| Calibrate sprayer annually. | H |
| E. POST HARVEST | |
| Make (or update if one has been made for this field previously) a weed map of the field for use in planning for next year. | H |
| Treat perennial weeds with nonselective translocated herbicides. | H |
| Mow or disk fields after harvest to reduce pest population. | H |
| Establish cover crop for weed control, nitrogen retention and reducing soil erosion. | H |
| Post harvest handling to reduce storage rots | M |