Joseph Ingerson-Mahar, Vegetable IPM Coordinator
Kristian Holmstrom, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
Sally Walker, Vegetable IPM Program Associate
George Hamilton, IPM Coordinator
Rutgers Cooperative Extension
MAJOR PESTS
| Insects | Diseases | Weeds |
|---|---|---|
| European corn borer | Root rots | Broadleaves |
| Mexican bean beetle | Rust | Annual grasses |
| Potato leafhopper | Gray mold | Perennial weeds |
| Thrips | Brown spot | Common purslane |
| Spider mites | Common blight | |
| Bean leaf beetle | Halo blight | |
| Bean aphid | Cucumber mosaic virus | |
| Green cloverworm | Yellow mosaic virus | |
| Corm earworm | ||
| Fall armyworm | ||
| Cabbage looper | ||
| Beet armyworm | ||
The following practices are general guidelines that many, if not, most farmers in New Jersey already practice. It is felt that all farmers should be able to adopt these guidelines on 100% of their acreage within a 3-year period. It is recognized that adoption of specific practices may not always be possible depending upon the unique circumstances of the individual farmer. However, farmers should strive to adopt the highly recommended practices in order to be considered an IPM farmer.
| A. SITE PREPARATION AND SELECTION |
Priority H = high M = medium L = low |
|---|---|
| ØReview weed maps of fields to choose appropriate weed control strategies |
H |
| ØCrop rotation. If a field has had halo blight use a 3 year rotation; for brown spot at least a 1 year rotation is required |
H |
| ØAvoid fields with known history ofSclerotinia. |
M |
| ØUse east west row orientation when necessary forSclerotinia. |
L |
| ØAvoid systemic insecticide but use treated seed. |
M |
| ØSoil test at least every three years; fertilize and lime according to recommendations. |
H |
| ØTake soil sample from field to determine soil texture by mechanical analysis for each soil type within the field. This needs to be done only once for each field to help determine herbicide rates. |
H |
| ØTake soil sample form field to determine percent organic matter to help adjust herbicide rates. This needs to be done whenever cropping practices change. That is, going from fallow to crops, from perennial to annual crops. |
H |
| B. PLANTING | |
| ØUse seed treated with insecticide/fungicide for protection from insects and diseases. |
H |
| ØUse western-produced seed certified free of halo blight, common blight, and brown spot. |
H |
| ØUse tolerant and disease resistant varieties. |
H |
| C. PEST MONITORING AND FORECASTING | |
| ØMonitor for insects, diseases, and weeds (potato leafhopper, Mexican bean beetle, spider mites, white and gray mold, brown spot, common blight, and halo blight). |
H |
| ØUpdate weed map of the field when crop is small for use in evaluating the current year’s weed control and for use in determining if a post emergent treatment is needed. |
H |
| D. PEST MANAGEMENT | |
| ØUse applicable thresholds for Mexican bean beetle, potato leafhopper, and European corn borer. |
H |
| ØKeep records of pest densities, cultural procedures, and pesticide applications for use in the future. |
H |
| ØIf more than one option exists for insecticidal control, use an insecticide that is less harmful to natural enemies. |
H |
| ØSubscribe to the Plant and Pest Advisory Newsletter- vegetable edition, or access via the internet or fax info-line and follow applicable recommendations provided there. |
H |
| ØFollow Rutgers Commercial Vegetable recommendations for pests that do not have thresholds. |
H |
| E. POST HARVEST | |
| ØMake (or update if one has been made for this field previously) a weed map of the field for use in planning for next year. |
H |
| ØTreat perennial weeds with nonselective translocated herbicides. |
H |
| ØFor fields which had significant levels of brown spot, halo blight, and common blight incorporate crop residue into the soil at the end of the season to promote breakdown of pathogens and tissues that may be carrying them. |
H |
| ØEstablish cover crop for weed control, nitrogen retention, and reducing soil erosion. |
H |